The formula, and what it assumes
The predictions use Peter Riegel's formula, published in the late 1970s: new time equals old time multiplied by the ratio of distances raised to the power 1.06. The 1.06 is the slowdown as distance grows. Double the distance and the formula expects a little more than double the time.
It assumes you have trained for the longer race. That is the whole catch. A good 10K from someone who has never run past 15 kilometres predicts a marathon they are not ready for, and the formula has no way to know.